Design And Implementation Of An Fpga Based Smart Traffic Light Control System Using Camera Based Vehicle Detection

Abstract

Traffic Congestion Is A Major Challenge In Rapidly Growing Urban Areas, While Conventional Fixed-time Traffic Signals Cannot Respond Effectively To Changing Traffic Density. This Paper Presents A Camera-based Smart Traffic Light Control System That Combines Vehicle Detection With Field-programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Based Real-time Signal Control. A Camera Is Used To Acquire Traffic Images Or Video, And An Image-processing Stage Determines The Approximate Vehicle Density In Each Traffic Direction. The Extracted Traffic Information Is Supplied To An FPGA Controller, Where A Finite-state Machine (FSM) Generates Adaptive Red, Yellow And Green Signal Sequences. The Proposed Architecture Is Intended To Reduce Unnecessary Waiting Time By Allocating Comparatively Longer Green Intervals To Approaches Having Higher Traffic Density. The FPGA Implementation Is Targeted Toward A Compact And Low-cost Platform Such As The Sipeed Tang Nano 9K. The Paper Describes The System Architecture, Image-processing Flow, FPGA Control Logic, Hardware Interfacing And An Experimental Evaluation Framework. The Final Measured Accuracy, Latency And Signal-timing Results Are To Be Inserted After Completion Of The Hardware Experiments

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