Adaptive Lightweight Encryption-based Secure Uart Architecture For Iot Devices

Abstract

The Rapid Growth Of IoT Applications Requires Secure, Energy-efficient, And Reliable Communication For Resource-constrained Devices. UART Is Widely Used In IoT Systems Due To Its Simplicity And Low Hardware Cost, But Conventional Secure UART Designs Typically Employ A Single Lightweight Cryptographic Algorithm, Limiting Adaptability To Changing Power, Security, And Performance Requirements. This Paper Proposes An Adaptive Lightweight Encryption-Based Secure UART Architecture That Dynamically Selects Among Three Lightweight Block Ciphers—GIFT, PRESENT, And LBlock-S—based On Real-time System Conditions. A Cipher Selection Controller Monitors Power Level, Security Needs, And Speed Requirements To Activate The Most Suitable Algorithm: GIFT For Low-power Operation, PRESENT For Higher Security, And LBlock-S For High-speed Communication. The Design Is Implemented In Verilog HDL And Validated Using Xilinx Vivado FPGA Simulations. Results Demonstrate Accurate Cipher Selection, Seamless Encryption Switching, And Reliable UART Communication Without Data Loss. The Proposed Architecture Provides A Flexible, Hardware-efficient, And Context-aware Secure Communication Solution For IoT Devices.

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